Networked systems versus Distributed systems

Network systems and distributed systems are two fundamental concepts in computing, each serving distinct purposes and exhibiting unique characteristics. Network systems primarily focus on enabling communication and resource sharing among interconnected devices, using protocols like TCP/IP to facilitate data transmission. They can operate in both centralized and decentralized architectures, allowing for resource sharing, such as files and printers, across various devices, but typically do not emphasize the independent operation of the connected components. In contrast, distributed systems consist of multiple autonomous components that work together to achieve common objectives, prioritizing aspects such as concurrency, fault tolerance, and scalability. Each component in a distributed system operates independently, yet they coordinate seamlessly to function as a unified whole. This architecture allows distributed systems to remain resilient in the face of component failures and to scale easily by adding new nodes. While network systems ensure connectivity and enable resource sharing, distributed systems focus on delivering a cohesive service or application, leveraging the collective capabilities of their components spread across different locations. Understanding these differences is crucial for effectively designing and implementing solutions in modern computing environments.